Blust & Trussel (2019f): Proto-Oceanic
Search entries
| Headword | IPA | Glosses | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *<in> | ‘perfective marker’ | ||
| *-a | ‘3sg. object’ | ||
| *-a | ‘imperative suffix’ | ||
| *a | ‘article’ | ||
| *a | ‘conjunction: and’ | ||
| *a | ‘exclamation, interjection’ | ||
| *a | ‘hesitation particle’ | ||
| *a | ‘ligature’ | ||
| *a- | ‘adjectival prefix’ | ||
| *abi | ‘take hold of, grasp’ | ||
| *abit | ‘hold, get, take’ | ||
| *abu | ‘grandparent’ | ||
| *abut | ‘pull up, root up’ | ||
| *acan | ‘name’ | ||
| *acok | ‘sniff, kiss’ | ||
| *adom | ‘think, understand’ | ||
| *agup | ‘pick up with both hands’ | ||
| *ai | ‘anaphoric or relative particle: there, previously mentioned place’ | ||
| *ai | ‘interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc.’ | ||
| *akaR | ‘root’ | ||
| *ake | ‘tree sp.’ | ||
| *akot | ‘point out, show, teach’ | ||
| *aku | ‘1sg nominative, I’ | ||
| *akup | ‘cover’ | ||
| *ala | ‘take, get, fetch, obtain, marry’ | ||
| *alali | ‘halibut, sole, flounder’ | ||
| *alap | ‘fetch, get, take’ | ||
| *alaq | ‘fetch, get, take’ | ||
| *aliq | ‘move, change place’ | ||
| *aluca | ‘paddle’ | ||
| *aluluŋ | ‘howl (of dogs)’ | ||
| *aluŋ | ‘shade, shadow’ | ||
| *aluton | ‘firewood’ | ||
| *amatu | ‘double-headed parrotfish’ | ||
| *amax | ‘father’ | ||
| *ami | ‘1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive)’ | ||
| *-an | ‘verbal suffix marking locative voice, nominal suffix marking location’ | ||
| *-ana | ‘attributive suffix’ | ||
| *ana<ŋa>ican | ‘when? (past)’ | ||
| *añam | ‘plait (mats, baskets, etc.)’ | ||
| *ane | ‘insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant’ | ||
| *aŋak | ‘out of breath, gasping’ | ||
| *aŋi | ‘sharp’ | ||
| *aŋin | ‘wind’ | ||
| *aŋin-aŋin | ‘gust, draft, current of air’ | ||
| *aŋit | ‘anger’ | ||
| *aŋo | ‘turmeric’; ‘Curcuma longa’ | ||
| *aŋo-aŋo-ana | ‘yellow’ | ||
| *aŋom | ‘stench’ | ||
| *aŋusu | ‘spit, spittle’ | ||
| *anu | ‘thing whose name is unknown’ | ||
| *a-nu-ku | ‘my unnamed thing: mine’ | ||
| *añuliŋ | ‘fruit-bearing plant’; ‘Pisonia umbellifera’ | ||
| *a-nu-mu | ‘your unnamed thing: yours’ | ||
| *anu-ña | ‘his/her unnamed thing: his/hers’ | ||
| *a-nusa | ‘small island, islet’ | ||
| *apa | ‘what?’ | ||
| *apa apa | ‘something, anything, everything’ | ||
| *api | ‘fire’ | ||
| *apic | ‘twins of the same sex’ | ||
| *apit | ‘pinch, squeeze’ | ||
| *apo | ‘high, lofty’ | ||
| *apon | ‘fishing line’ | ||
| *apuk | ‘dust’ | ||
| *apuŋ apuŋ | ‘floating’ | ||
| *ari | ‘demonstrative: this (?)’ | ||
| *ariRi | ‘housepost’ | ||
| *aRu | ‘shore tree’; ‘Casuarina equisetifolia’ | ||
| *aru | ‘many, much’ | ||
| *asam | ‘kind of fern’ | ||
| *asaŋ | ‘gills’ | ||
| *asaŋ-i | ‘gills of’ | ||
| *asaq | ‘sharpen, rub, grate’ | ||
| *asaq-i | transitive.‘sharpen’ | ||
| *asio | ‘sneeze’ | ||
| *asok | ‘plant in holes in the ground’ | ||
| *asu | ‘fetch water, scoop up water’ | ||
| *ata | ‘1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our’ | ||
| *atas | ‘high, tall’ | ||
| *atas-ña | ‘its top’ | ||
| *atay | ‘death’ | ||
| *ati | ‘negative marker’ | ||
| *a-tu | ‘away, outward, forward, onward, towards the hearer’ | ||
| *atu | ‘away from speaker’ | ||
| *au | ‘dew’ | ||
| *au | ‘yes’ | ||
| *aura | ‘type of wind’ | ||
| *awa | ‘exclamation of surprise’ | ||
| *awe | ‘wave’ | ||
| *aya | ‘exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc.’ | ||
| *aya | ‘father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband’ | ||
| *ba | ‘down, under’ | ||
| *ba | ‘or, because, but, perhaps’ | ||
| *baba | ‘father’ | ||
| *babak | ‘break, chip off’ | ||
| *babak | ‘peel off bark’ | ||
| *babak | ‘strike, chip stone’ | ||
| *baban | ‘board, plank, side of canoe’ | ||
| *babaŋ | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *babaŋ | ‘hole, cavern’ | ||
| *babaR | ‘side of the face, cheek, side planks of a canoe’ | ||
| *bak | ‘strike against’ | ||
| *baka | ‘conjunction: despite, nonetheless’ | ||
| *baka | ‘kind of banyan tree’; ‘Ficus sp.’ | ||
| *bakewak | ‘shark’ | ||
| *baki | ‘break off with the hand’ | ||
| *baku | ‘scab, crust’ | ||
| *bakul | ‘fish: triggerfish sp.(?)’ | ||
| *bala | ‘fence, animal pen, fortification’ | ||
| *balai | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *balai | ‘wild yam’; ‘Dioscorea sp.’ | ||
| *balalan | ‘slant, lean over (as a tree)’ | ||
| *balaŋ | ‘side, part’ | ||
| *balaŋi | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *balapaq | ‘mid-rib of coconut leaf’ | ||
| *balaR | ‘pale, albino’ | ||
| *bali | ‘answer, oppose, opposite side or part, partner, friend, enemy’ | ||
| *bali | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *bali | ‘repay, replace, take revenge’ | ||
| *baliw | ‘cluster (c) == don mourning apparel, mourn for a deceased spouse’ | ||
| *baluc | ‘dove sp.’ | ||
| *balun | ‘mix’ | ||
| *balut | ‘mix’ | ||
| *banaRu | ‘Indian tulip tree’; ‘Thespesia populnea’ | ||
| *baŋi | ‘bait’ | ||
| *banic | ‘wing’ | ||
| *baniŋ | ‘bait’ | ||
| *baqoRu | ‘new, recent, young, fresh’ | ||
| *baRa | ‘fence, animal pen, fortification’ | ||
| *baRa | ‘storage shelf above the hearth’ | ||
| *bara | ‘fence, animal pen, fortification’ | ||
| *baRa baRa | ‘crosswise’ | ||
| *barabara | ‘crosspiece’ | ||
| *baraŋ | ‘marker of indefiniteness: if, perhaps, hopefully, or, any’ | ||
| *baRat | ‘crosswise beam or shelf’ | ||
| *barat | ‘crosswise beam or shelf’ | ||
| *bari | ‘nibble at, gnaw at something hard’ | ||
| *baRoq | ‘boil’ | ||
| *basu | ‘anger, angry’ | ||
| *bataŋ | ‘tree trunk, fallen tree, fallen log, stem of a plant, body, corpse, self, bridge of the nose, most important or preeminent thing, main course of a river, mushroom or bracket fungus that grows on tree trunks or decaying logs’ | ||
| *bati | ‘canine tooth (?)’ | ||
| *batu | ‘kidney’ | ||
| *batu | ‘throw’ | ||
| *batu-batu | ‘stony, gravel’ | ||
| *batuk | ‘head’ | ||
| *bayan | ‘bait’ | ||
| *bebe | ‘butterfly, butterfly fish’; ‘Chaetodon spp.’ | ||
| *beka | ‘split, crack open’ | ||
| *bekas | ‘defecate’ | ||
| *bekeR | ‘defecate’ | ||
| *bele | ‘shrub sp., kind of shrub’ | ||
| *belu | ‘bend, curve’ | ||
| *beŋaŋ | ‘disconcert, confuse’ | ||
| *benu | ‘coconut husk’ | ||
| *beRŋi-na | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *beta | ‘breadfruit’ | ||
| *bia | ‘sandy soil (?)’ | ||
| *bia-bia | ‘limestone sediment (?)’ | ||
| *bibi | ‘bivalve mollusk sp., lucine clam’ | ||
| *bibit | ‘pinch, squeeze’ | ||
| *bikit | ‘attached to’ | ||
| *biko | ‘bent, twisted’ | ||
| *bila | ‘lightning’ | ||
| *bilac | ‘exposed to the sun’ | ||
| *bilak | ‘special talent’ | ||
| *bilu-bilu | ‘large marine fish, jackfish or trevally’ | ||
| *binam | ‘bird, hornbill’ | ||
| *binaR | ‘flash of light’ | ||
| *biŋa | ‘kind of shellfish’ | ||
| *binit | ‘carry’ | ||
| *binu | ‘fold over, fold up’ | ||
| *bio | ‘type of shell, possibly nautilus’ | ||
| *biRa | ‘roe, eggs of fish or crustacean’ | ||
| *biRaq | ‘semen, smegma, grease’ | ||
| *biRas | ‘semen, smegma, grease’ | ||
| *birat | ‘scar’ | ||
| *bisik | ‘splash, spatter, splatter’ | ||
| *bitak | ‘mud’ | ||
| *bitiq | ‘small, few’ | ||
| *bito | ‘navel’ | ||
| *bituŋ | ‘bamboo sp.’ | ||
| *bobo | ‘foolish, fool’ | ||
| *boboc | ‘bundle (of firewood, etc.)’ | ||
| *boboŋ | ‘butterfly’ | ||
| *boboŋ | ‘overcrowd’ | ||
| *boboŋ | ‘shut off’ | ||
| *boi | ‘call, summon’ | ||
| *boi | ‘divide, share, portion (as of food)’ | ||
| *boi | ‘smell, odor’ | ||
| *bolo bolo | ‘small dark surgeonfish’; ‘possibly Ctenochaetus’ | ||
| *boma | ‘kind of seaweed used to paint canoes’ | ||
| *bona | ‘pigeon sp.’ | ||
| *bona | ‘smell, odor, scent’ | ||
| *boŋa | ‘speak sharply or in anger’ | ||
| *boŋi | ‘night’ | ||
| *boŋi-a | ‘overcome by night, benighted’ | ||
| *boŋol | ‘mute, unable to speak’ | ||
| *bonor | ‘stopped up, plugged’ | ||
| *bonor | ‘true, correct, upright’ | ||
| *bonot | ‘closed, dammed up’ | ||
| *boñu | ‘hidden from view’ | ||
| *boRok | ‘pig’ | ||
| *bosuR | ‘satisfied from having eaten enough, satiated’ | ||
| *boto | ‘short’ | ||
| *botu | ‘explode’ | ||
| *bou | ‘smell, odor’ | ||
| *bou roŋoR | ‘smell’ | ||
| *(bp)ala | ‘dried out’ | ||
| *(bp)ala | ‘fight’ | ||
| *(bp)ala(bp)ala | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *(bp)alu | ‘tree sp.’ | ||
| *(bp)una | ‘plant used as fish poison’ | ||
| *bua | ‘flower, blossom’ | ||
| *bua | ‘foam, bubbles, froth’ | ||
| *bua bua | ‘species of climber used for decorative purposes’ | ||
| *bual bual | ‘species of palm used for making spears and bows, palm-wood spear or bow’ | ||
| *buaq | ‘areca nut and palm, heart’ | ||
| *buaq na batu | ‘round stone (?)’ | ||
| *buaq ni bities | ‘calf of the leg’ | ||
| *buat | ‘make, create, invent’ | ||
| *buat-an | ‘made, created’ | ||
| *bubu | ‘constellation: The Southern Cross’ | ||
| *bubu | ‘grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal term of address)’ | ||
| *bubu | ‘plant used for perfuming the body’ | ||
| *bubu | ‘rub on’ | ||
| *bubu | ‘trigger fish’; ‘Balistes sp.’ | ||
| *bubuni | ‘smear, paint over’ | ||
| *bubuR | ‘drive pigs into a net’ | ||
| *buburu | ‘grass, grow densely (as grass)’ | ||
| *bubu₈ | ‘sing, song’ | ||
| *bukal | ‘bubble up (as spring water)’ | ||
| *bukbuk-an | ‘attacked by wood worms’ | ||
| *buku | ‘node (as in bamboo or sugarcane), joint, knuckle, knot in wood, knot in string or rope’; ‘Mons veneris’ | ||
| *buku ni lima | ‘wrist bone’ | ||
| *buku ni waqay | ‘ankle bone’ | ||
| *buku-an | ‘have joints, have protuberances’ | ||
| *buku-buku | ‘node, joint, knuckle, swelling under the skin’ | ||
| *bula | ‘kindle, light a fire, set ablaze’ | ||
| *bulat | ‘open the eyes wide, stare with round eyes’ | ||
| *buli buli | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *buliŋ | ‘turn over, roll over, transform, upside down’ | ||
| *buliq | ‘cowrie shell’; ‘Cypraea mauritiana’ | ||
| *bulit | ‘caulk, fill up a hole or crack with viscous material’ | ||
| *bulos | ‘turn around, turn back’ | ||
| *bu(lR)i | ‘roll on the ground, wallow’ | ||
| *bulu ni babuy | ‘pig bristles, type of sea urchin with thin black spines’ | ||
| *buluŋ | ‘dark green, dark blue’ | ||
| *buluq | ‘type of slender bamboo’; ‘Schizostachyum spp.’ | ||
| *bulut | ‘birdlime’ | ||
| *bulut | ‘hairy filaments of certain plants, husk’ | ||
| *buna | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *bunaR | ‘batfish’; ‘Platax spp.’ | ||
| *bune | ‘fruit dove’; ‘probably Treron spp.’ | ||
| *bune bune | ‘greenish fruit dove’ | ||
| *buŋa | ‘kind of porous, white, round and flat coral growth’ | ||
| *buŋi | ‘night, darkness’ | ||
| *buntu buntu | ‘small hill, knoll’ | ||
| *buntut | ‘rear end of an animal’ | ||
| *bunut | ‘coconut husk, coir’ | ||
| *buqi | ‘pour water on, douse (as a fire)’ | ||
| *bura | ‘discharge of pus’ | ||
| *buraq | ‘foam, bubbles, bubble up’ | ||
| *buRat | ‘tree with sweet-smelling flowers’; ‘Fagraea berteroana’ | ||
| *buRiq | ‘wash (as the hands)’ | ||
| *buRit | ‘hind part, rear, back’ | ||
| *burit | ‘hind part, rear, back’ | ||
| *buRu | ‘blow’ | ||
| *burul | ‘blunt, dull’ | ||
| *busa | ‘container for solid objects, package’ | ||
| *busa | ‘foam, suds’ | ||
| *buta | ‘affliction of the eyes’ | ||
| *buta | ‘hole, opening, vagina’ | ||
| *butaq | ‘earth, soil’ | ||
| *buto | ‘navel’ | ||
| *butu | ‘group, crowd, flock, school, bunch, cluster’ | ||
| *butul | ‘break, cut’ | ||
| *buu | ‘conch shell trumpet’ | ||
| *buu | ‘corner’ | ||
| *buu | ‘cough’ | ||
| *bwala | ‘shell, peeling, skin’ | ||
| *bwara | ‘shell, peeling, skin’ | ||
| *bweka | ‘fruit bat, flying fox’ | ||
| *bwisi | ‘finger (?)’ | ||
| *Cenek | ‘thorn’ | ||
| *cupcup | ‘sip, suck’ | ||
| *-da | ‘1pl. incl. nominative and hortative pronoun’ | ||
| *-da | ‘1pl. incl. possessive suffix’ | ||
| *da | ‘1pl. incl. subject prefix and possessive suffix, we (incl.), our (incl.)’ | ||
| *dabuk | ‘pound, beat’ | ||
| *damwa | ‘forehead’ | ||
| *daŋdaŋ | ‘warm oneself or something near a fire, heat or dry near a fire’ | ||
| *daŋkeq | ‘branch, twig’ | ||
| *daReq | ‘soil, probably clay’ | ||
| *daRi | ‘fish’; ‘Scomberoides sp.’ | ||
| *datu | ‘lineage priest (?)’ | ||
| *daula | ‘frigate bird’ | ||
| *diqaq | ‘good’ | ||
| *drali | ‘slitgong’ | ||
| *d(r)amut | ‘lime spatula’ | ||
| *draŋi | ‘day’ | ||
| *draRaq | ‘blood’ | ||
| *draula | ‘frigate bird’ | ||
| *drolom | ‘dark’ | ||
| *droŋan | ‘with, in conjunction with, companion’ | ||
| *drulas | ‘slip or slide’ | ||
| *druru | ‘owl’ | ||
| *e | ‘numeral prefix, cardinal numeral marker’ | ||
| *e boŋi | ‘it is getting dark, night is coming on’ | ||
| *eŋap | ‘gasp for breath’ | ||
| *esa | ‘one’ | ||
| *galu | ‘stir, mix’ | ||
| *gama | ‘morning star?’ | ||
| *ga-pica | ‘how much?, how many?’ | ||
| *garus | ‘scratch’ | ||
| *gem | ‘hold in the fist’ | ||
| *gerit | ‘sound of scraping or scratching’ | ||
| *gomol | ‘squeeze, hold tight, clutch’ | ||
| *gomuR | ‘hold liquid in the mouth, gargle’ | ||
| *-gu | ‘1sg possessive pronoun, my’ | ||
| *gurat | ‘tree with roots that furnish a red dye’; ‘Morinda citrifolia’ | ||
| *guru | ‘noise, tumult’ | ||
| *guRuŋ | ‘deep rumbling sound, thunder’ | ||
| *h<um>una | ‘do or go first’ | ||
| *ha | ‘locative particle’ | ||
| *habaRat | ‘southwest monsoon’ | ||
| *hawak | ‘waist, back of the waist’ | ||
| *hebun | ‘group, pile’ | ||
| *hedaw | ‘stop, cease (of rain)’ | ||
| *heŋak | ‘out of breath’ | ||
| *hesi | ‘flesh, meat’ | ||
| *hi- | ‘originate from, come from’ | ||
| *-i | ‘local transitive suffix’ | ||
| *i | ‘exclamation of wonder, disgust, etc.’ | ||
| *i | ‘generic marker of location in space or time’ | ||
| *i | ‘numeral prefix’ | ||
| *i | ‘personal article’ | ||
| *i- | ‘verbal prefix marking instrumental or benefactive voice’ | ||
| *i papo | ‘above, on the top’ | ||
| *i rarom | ‘below, beneath, inside’ | ||
| *-ia | ‘transitive and imperative suffix’ | ||
| *ia | ‘3sg. personal pronoun: he, she, him, her, it’ | ||
| *ia | ‘this, here, that, there’ | ||
| *i-aku | ‘1sg., I, me’ | ||
| *ia-ni | ‘this, here’ | ||
| *iaqi | ‘demonstrative marker of uncertain meaning’ | ||
| *ias | ‘particle of doubt or interrogation’ | ||
| *iba iba | ‘remainder, surplus’ | ||
| *ibe | ‘mat’ | ||
| *ibo | ‘edible sea worm’; ‘Sipunculus spp.’ | ||
| *ibu | ‘container for liquids’ | ||
| *ican | ‘when?’ | ||
| *icud | ‘budge, shift, move aside’ | ||
| *icuŋ | ‘nose’ | ||
| *ihi | ‘exclamation of surprise, etc.’ | ||
| *ika-lima | ‘fifth (ordinal numeral)’ | ||
| *ikan | ‘fish’ | ||
| *ika-onom | ‘sixth’ | ||
| *ika-pitu | ‘seventh’ | ||
| *ika-siwa | ‘ninth’ | ||
| *ika-tolu | ‘third’ | ||
| *ika-walu | ‘eighth (ordinal)’ | ||
| *ike | ‘mallet for beating bark into bark cloth’ | ||
| *iko | ‘2sg., you’ | ||
| *ikuR | ‘tail’ | ||
| *ikuR ikuR | ‘trailing behind’ | ||
| *ila | ‘wild, timorous, shy’ | ||
| *ilap | ‘flicker (of flames)’ | ||
| *i-laur | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ili | ‘thwarts of a canoe’ | ||
| *i-lima | ‘five’ | ||
| *iliŋ | ‘pour’ | ||
| *ilo | ‘inside, interior, thoughts, emotions, memories’ | ||
| *ilo | ‘look at’ | ||
| *ima | ‘kind of pandanus with leaves useful for plaiting’ | ||
| *imi | ‘2p. pl. pronoun: you’ | ||
| *i-na | ‘that, there’ | ||
| *ina | ‘mother, mother's sister, female animal, largest member of a set’ | ||
| *ina ama | ‘parents’ | ||
| *inap | ‘sneer, laugh in derision’ | ||
| *iŋaR | ‘loud (of the voice), voice’ | ||
| *i-ni | ‘this, here’ | ||
| *inum | ‘act of drinking’ | ||
| *inum-ia | ‘drink it! (imper.)’ | ||
| *inum-inum | ‘drink (repetitive, frequentative, etc.)’ | ||
| *io | ‘spear’ | ||
| *i-palu | ‘make war on’ | ||
| *ipaR- | ‘sibling-in-law of the same sex’ | ||
| *ipi | ‘blow’ | ||
| *ipi | ‘the ‘Tahitian chestnut’’; ‘Inocarpus fagiferus or I. edulis’ | ||
| *ipon | ‘tooth’ | ||
| *ipoR | ‘saliva in the mouth, drool, desire, crave, lust for’ | ||
| *ipos | ‘cockroach’ | ||
| *ipu- | ‘hair, feather’ | ||
| *ipun | ‘cover with earth’ | ||
| *iput | ‘pull out, uproot’ | ||
| *iqi | ‘exclamation of surprise, pain, etc.’ | ||
| *ira | ‘they, them’ | ||
| *iri | ‘that, there’ | ||
| *iRimo | ‘tree’; ‘probably Octomeles spp.’ | ||
| *iriŋ | ‘follow, accompany’ | ||
| *irir | ‘fan’ | ||
| *iro iro | ‘reflect, shine’ | ||
| *iRup | ‘sip (as soup)’ | ||
| *isa | ‘name’ | ||
| *isa | ‘one’ | ||
| *i-sai | ‘who?’ | ||
| *isi | ‘hiss’ | ||
| *isi | ‘peel, strip off’ | ||
| *isi | ‘scrape (as coconut meat from a shell), grate (as coconut meat)’ | ||
| *isop | ‘suck, inhale’ | ||
| *isud | ‘budge, shift, move’ | ||
| *isug | ‘clean oneself by scrubbing’ | ||
| *ita | ‘we (incl.)’ | ||
| *iti | ‘there, that’ | ||
| *iu | ‘bathe’ | ||
| *iu | ‘spear’ | ||
| *jalan | ‘path, road, way’ | ||
| *jama | ‘mate, companion, like, similar to’ | ||
| *jaot | ‘spear, harpoon’ | ||
| *jaRu | ‘choral singing, blend voices in song’ | ||
| *jila | ‘yardarm, sheet of a sail, sticks used to turn the sail’ | ||
| *jiŋana | ‘whitebait’ | ||
| *jiwaŋ | ‘gap, open space’ | ||
| *joŋjoŋ | ‘cork, stopper, plug’ | ||
| *jukul | ‘cornered, unable to escape’ | ||
| *jukul | ‘measure vertically’ | ||
| *k<in>an | ‘food, meat’ | ||
| *ka | ‘(human) member of a category’ | ||
| *ka | ‘2sg. subject pronoun’ | ||
| *ka | conjunctive particle.‘and’ | ||
| *ka | ‘conditional, if’ | ||
| *ka- | ‘past participle/achieved state’ | ||
| *ka- | ‘prefix for ordinal numerals’ | ||
| *kabak | ‘beat, flap the wings’ | ||
| *kaba-kabak | ‘flap the wings repeatedly’ | ||
| *kabat | ‘canoes joined together lengthwise (?)’ | ||
| *kabe | ‘jointed creeper which yields fiber used to make cordage and fishnets’ | ||
| *kabe | ‘wing’ | ||
| *kabi | ‘catch (as in a trap)’ | ||
| *kabit | ‘adhere, stick to’ | ||
| *kaboRa | ‘catfish’ | ||
| *kabuŋ | ‘stomach of an animal’ | ||
| *kada | ‘stalk or cluster of fruit’ | ||
| *kadapuR | ‘rain cloud’ | ||
| *kadik | ‘large black ant with painful sting, probably bulldog ant’ | ||
| *kadoRa | ‘cuscus, phalanger’ | ||
| *kadro | ‘neck’ | ||
| *kadrut | ‘scratch an itch’ | ||
| *kaen | ‘eat’ | ||
| *ka-epat | ‘fourth’ | ||
| *kai | ‘(human) member of a category’ | ||
| *ka-ica | ‘when?’ | ||
| *kak | ‘sound of a cackle, loud laugh, etc.’ | ||
| *kaka | ‘elder sibling of the same sex’ | ||
| *kaka | ‘fibrous integument at the base of coconut fronds’ | ||
| *kaka | ‘flaky skin disease’ | ||
| *kakakₐ | ‘cackle’ | ||
| *kakap | ‘stammer, stutter’ | ||
| *kakaq | ‘split’ | ||
| *kakar-i | ‘scratch up the earth (as a fowl)’ | ||
| *kakas | ‘scrape, scratch’ | ||
| *kakas(-i) | ‘split’ | ||
| *kakas-i | ‘scrape, abrade’ | ||
| *kakat-i | ‘chew or bite off’ | ||
| *kakawa | ‘goby, blenny’ | ||
| *kalapo | ‘rat, mouse’ | ||
| *kalaqabusi | ‘shrub’; ‘Acalypha sp.’ | ||
| *kali ~ keli | ‘dig’ | ||
| *kalia | ‘large fish, probably grouper’ | ||
| *kalik | ‘wooden headrest’ | ||
| *kalika | ‘rock cod, grouper’ | ||
| *kalo | ‘neck’ | ||
| *kalu | ‘stir, mix’ | ||
| *kamaliR | ‘bachelor’s house, men’s house’ | ||
| *kamami | ‘1p. excl., we’ | ||
| *kamaRi | ‘fish, rainbow runner’; ‘Elagatis bipinnulata’ | ||
| *kamatu | ‘double-headed parrotfish’ | ||
| *kamay | ‘hand’ | ||
| *kambuR | ‘sprinkle, scatter (seed, etc.)’ | ||
| *k-ami | ‘1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive)’ | ||
| *kamisu | ‘spittle, spit’ | ||
| *kamit | ‘scratch’ | ||
| *kamiu | ‘2pl. nominate and genitive, you all, your’ | ||
| *ka(m)pet | ‘plugged, stopped, blocked’ | ||
| *kamu | ‘2pl. nominative, you all’ | ||
| *kamu | ‘chew, move to and fro in the mouth’ | ||
| *kamu | ‘sheath of a coconut?’ | ||
| *kamwa-kamwa | ‘Ficus sp.’ | ||
| *kana | ‘enemy’ | ||
| *kana | ‘food’ | ||
| *kana- | ‘classifier for edible possession’ | ||
| *kana-kana | ‘think, ponder’ | ||
| *kanam | ‘sing, song’ | ||
| *kanan | ‘food’ | ||
| *kanap | ‘creep, crawl’ | ||
| *kanari | ‘tree with edible nut, Canarium almond’; ‘Canarium commune’ | ||
| *kanarum | ‘tree sp.’ | ||
| *kanase | ‘fish, mullet’ | ||
| *kanawa | ‘tree’; ‘Cordia spp.’ | ||
| *kanawe | ‘kind of white sea bird, probably gull sp.’ | ||
| *kaŋ | ‘animal sound’ | ||
| *kaŋa | ‘open (as the mouth)’ | ||
| *kaŋaRi | ‘tree with edible nut, Canarium almond’; ‘Canarium commune’ | ||
| *kaŋkaŋ | ‘resounding sound’ | ||
| *kani | ‘eat’ | ||
| *kani kani | ‘eat, keep on eating’ | ||
| *kani-a | ‘eat it’ | ||
| *kani-kani | ‘scruffiness of the skin, dirt, dregs’ | ||
| *kanisu | ‘spit at (as an insult?)’ | ||
| *kanon | ‘flesh, kernel’ | ||
| *kanoŋ | ‘flesh, meat, coconut flesh’ | ||
| *kanoŋ qi mata | ‘eyeball’ | ||
| *kañu-kañu | ‘shake (as a house in an earthquake)’ | ||
| *kañul | ‘shake (as the earth in an earthquake)’ | ||
| *kañul-kañul | ‘shake repeatedly’ | ||
| *kanus | ‘spittle, spit’ | ||
| *kao | ‘heron’; ‘probably Egretta sp.’ | ||
| *kape | ‘crab taxon, probably a rock crab’; ‘Grapsidae’ | ||
| *kape | ‘flutter the wings’ | ||
| *kapika | ‘Malay apple’; ‘Syzygium malaccense’ | ||
| *kapiku | ‘Malay apple’; ‘Syzygium malaccense’ | ||
| *kapit | ‘pinch, press between, fasten thatch together with slats in roofing a house’ | ||
| *ka-pitu | ‘seven times’ | ||
| *kapuq | ‘ladle, dipper, scoop, cup’ | ||
| *kapuR | ‘lime, calcium carbonate’ | ||
| *kapuru | ‘soot’ | ||
| *kaput | ‘fog, haze, mist’ | ||
| *kaput | ‘tie or clasp together, button’ | ||
| *kapwa | ‘belly’ | ||
| *kaq(e)pi | ‘brace, splint’ | ||
| *kaqit | ‘hold or pull with a hook’ | ||
| *kaRa | ‘male Eclectus Parrot’; ‘Eclectus roratus’ | ||
| *ka-Rabiqi | ‘evening (?)’ | ||
| *karagwam | ‘seaweed, seagrass’ | ||
| *karak | ‘ringworm’ | ||
| *karak | ‘strong southeast trade wind’ | ||
| *kaRaka | ‘crawl’ | ||
| *kaRakap | ‘crab sp.’ | ||
| *kara-karawa | ‘blue-green’ | ||
| *karamea | ‘tongue’ | ||
| *karaŋi | ‘near’ | ||
| *karani | ‘near’ | ||
| *karasi | ‘scrape off, peel off’ | ||
| *kaRat | ‘bite’ | ||
| *karat | ‘small stinging plant’; ‘perhaps Laportea interrupta’ | ||
| *kaRati | ‘bite’ | ||
| *karawina | ‘blue-green’ | ||
| *kaRi | ‘bivalve species used as a scraper’ | ||
| *kari | ‘scratch, scrape’ | ||
| *karis | ‘scratch, scrape’ | ||
| *kaRo | ‘scratch’ | ||
| *kaRu | ‘say, tell, speak’ | ||
| *kaRu | ‘swim’ | ||
| *ka-rua | ‘second’ | ||
| *kaRud | ‘scrape, grate, rasp’ | ||
| *kaRuki | ‘sand crab’ | ||
| *kaRus | ‘scrape’ | ||
| *karut | ‘coconut growth stage 6: green drinking coconut’ | ||
| *kasaw | ‘rafter, diagonal bamboo poles to which thatch panels are lashed’ | ||
| *kasi | ‘scrape, scraper or grater made from circular bivalve shell’; ‘Asaphis spp.’ | ||
| *kasika | ‘fish, large emperor’; ‘Lethrinus sp.’ | ||
| *kaso | ‘coconut leaf basket’ | ||
| *kaso | ‘reed’ | ||
| *kasu | ‘smoke’ | ||
| *kasupe | ‘rat’ | ||
| *kasusu | ‘coconut crab’ | ||
| *katae | ‘free side of canoe, opposite the outrigger’ | ||
| *kataman | ‘door, doorway’ | ||
| *katapa | ‘frigate bird’ | ||
| *katapaŋ | ‘tree sp.’ | ||
| *ka-taqu | ‘right hand, right side’ | ||
| *katawan | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *kati | ‘bite’ | ||
| *katiR | ‘(small) outrigger canoe or canoe hull’ | ||
| *katita | ‘putty nut’; ‘Parinari laurinum’ | ||
| *ka-tolu | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *katou | ‘kind of hermit crab’ | ||
| *katuk | ‘knock’ | ||
| *kau | ‘catch (as with a hook)’ | ||
| *kau | ‘lime, coral limestone’ | ||
| *kaubebe | ‘butterfly’ | ||
| *kauŋ | ‘reverberate (of a sound)’ | ||
| *kauRi | ‘left side’ | ||
| *kauru | ‘bamboo sp.’ | ||
| *kawa-kawa | ‘rock cod, grouper sp.’ | ||
| *kawar | ‘crawl’ | ||
| *kawe | ‘carry, carry away’ | ||
| *kawe | ‘tentacles of octopus, squid, jellyfish, etc., rays of the sun’ | ||
| *kawe | ‘tentacles of octopus, squid, jellyfish, etc., rays of the sun’ | ||
| *kawil | ‘fishhook’ | ||
| *kawit | ‘hook’ | ||
| *kayajo | ‘outrigger boom’ | ||
| *kayu | ‘wood, strong, stiff, penis (colloquial)’ | ||
| *kayu kayu | ‘strong, tough, inflexible’ | ||
| *kayu-kayu | ‘forest, wooded area’ | ||
| *keja | ‘intense green or blue-green’ | ||
| *keju | ‘back of the head’ | ||
| *kek | ‘squawk’ | ||
| *keke | ‘coil, bend’ | ||
| *keke | ‘crunch, sound of crunching’ | ||
| *kekekeke | ‘kind of plover and its cry’ | ||
| *ke(k)kek | ‘cluck’ | ||
| *kelap | ‘shine, sparkle, twinkle’ | ||
| *kelaq | ‘crack, split’ | ||
| *kelas | ‘peel, skin off’ | ||
| *keleŋ | ‘cut into pieces’ | ||
| *keli | ‘dig up’ | ||
| *ke(m)pal | ‘lump, clod (as of earth)’ | ||
| *ke(m)pus | ‘come to an end’ | ||
| *keŋ | ‘hollow, resounding sound’ | ||
| *keŋkeŋ | ‘hollow, resounding sound’ | ||
| *keŋkeŋ | ‘shrink’ | ||
| *kepik | ‘dent’ | ||
| *keRa | ‘hawksbill turtle’; ‘Chelonia imbricata’ | ||
| *keRaŋ | ‘deep reverberating sound’ | ||
| *kerap | ‘shine, sparkle, twinkle’ | ||
| *keRe | ‘vulva, vagina’ | ||
| *ke(R)lap | ‘flash, shine’ | ||
| *keRteŋ | ‘kind of striped or spotted marine fish, grouper’; ‘Epinephelus spp.’ | ||
| *keRut | ‘gnaw, sound of gnawing on something’ | ||
| *kese | ‘keep to oneself, different, alone’ | ||
| *kese-kese | ‘varied, different (?)’ | ||
| *keteŋ | ‘straighten out (of a limb, etc.)’ | ||
| *ketil | ‘pinch off’ | ||
| *ki | ‘allative marker: to, toward’ | ||
| *kiajo | ‘outrigger boom’ | ||
| *kiak | ‘squawk (as a frightened chicken)’ | ||
| *kiaw | ‘puling sound of a bird’ | ||
| *kibit | ‘narrow’ | ||
| *kidik | ‘tap or beat lightly on’ | ||
| *kidiq | ‘tickle’ | ||
| *kik | ‘peep, squeak, giggle’ | ||
| *kikau | ‘Bismarck scrub fowl’; ‘Megapodius eremita’ | ||
| *kiki | ‘kingfisher’; ‘Halcyon spp.’ | ||
| *kiki | ‘small, stunted’ | ||
| *kikik | ‘squeak (as a mouse), giggle’ | ||
| *kikir | ‘file, rasp’ | ||
| *kikit | ‘small, trifling’ | ||
| *kila | ‘wild, skittish (as animals)’ | ||
| *kila-kila | ‘wild, untamed’ | ||
| *kila-kilat | ‘shine, flash repeatedly’ | ||
| *kilala | ‘know (a person), recognize, acquainted with, feel, perceive’ | ||
| *kilat | ‘lightning’ | ||
| *kilat | ‘open the eyes wide’ | ||
| *kilep | ‘glance, glimpse’ | ||
| *kili | ‘turn over, dig by turning over (as rocks)’ | ||
| *kilik | ‘tickle’ | ||
| *kilo | ‘corner of the eye’ | ||
| *kiluŋ | ‘curved, bay’ | ||
| *kiluq | ‘bend, curve, bent, curved, crooked’ | ||
| *kima | ‘giant clamor’; ‘Tridacna gigas’ | ||
| *kimet | ‘blink, flash’ | ||
| *kinit | ‘pinch, nip, pluck’ | ||
| *kipau | ‘Bismarck scrub fowl’; ‘Megapodius eremita’ | ||
| *kiRa | ‘bird, tern sp.’ | ||
| *kiRak | ‘parrot sp.’; ‘possibly Eclectus parrot’ | ||
| *kiRam | ‘axe or adze’ | ||
| *kiras | ‘scar’ | ||
| *kiRe | ‘pandanus, mat made from the leaves of this plant’; ‘Pandanus odoratissimus’ | ||
| *kiRe-kiRe | ‘pandanus sp.’ | ||
| *kiri | ‘tickle’ | ||
| *kirik | ‘tickle’ | ||
| *kisog | ‘twist spasmodically, wriggle’ | ||
| *k-ita | ‘we (incl.)’ | ||
| *kita | ‘see’ | ||
| *kitik | ‘tick, make a ticking or light knocking sound’ | ||
| *kitoŋ | ‘Rabbitfish’; ‘Siganus punctatus (family Siganidae)’ | ||
| *kiuk | ‘peep, cheep’ | ||
| *kiuq | ‘movement in coitus, sexual intercourse’ | ||
| *kiur | ‘movement in coitus’ | ||
| *kiwiwi | ‘shore bird: sandpiper, Pacific Golden Plover’ | ||
| *kiₐ | ‘oblique case marker for singular personal nouns’ | ||
| *ko | ‘2sg., you’ | ||
| *koba | ‘hermit crab’ | ||
| *kobit | ‘press together, pressed together’ | ||
| *kobit | ‘touch’ | ||
| *kobot | ‘tie by binding’ | ||
| *kobuŋ | ‘swollen’ | ||
| *kodoŋ | ‘straight, straighten’ | ||
| *kodos | ‘go straight, straighten’ | ||
| *koe | ‘2sg., you’ | ||
| *koi | ‘coconut shell’ | ||
| *kojom | ‘sharp pointed stick used in planting crops and in husking coconuts, digging stick, coconut husking stick’ | ||
| *kojom-i | ‘dig with a digging stick, husk coconuts with a husking stick’ | ||
| *koka | ‘tree’; ‘Macaranga spp., Euphorbiaceae’ | ||
| *koki | ‘lame, limp’ | ||
| *koko | ‘kind of house spider’ | ||
| *kokok | ‘animal sound’ | ||
| *kokom | ‘fist, hold in the fist’ | ||
| *kokom-i | ‘clasp firmly’ | ||
| *kokop | ‘enclose, shut in’ | ||
| *kokos | ‘scratch, scrape’ | ||
| *komi | ‘suckerfish, remora, hold on by biting’; ‘Echineis naucrates’ | ||
| *komi | ‘suckerfish, remora’ | ||
| *komos | ‘grip, compress, close in on’ | ||
| *koŋa | ‘kind of marine fish’ | ||
| *koŋe | ‘squeal (as in excitement)’ | ||
| *kop-i | ‘hold close’ | ||
| *kopu | ‘low cloud, mist, fog’ | ||
| *kopuR | ‘agitated, of water’ | ||
| *koRa | ‘wild mango’; ‘Mangifera minor’ | ||
| *koran | ‘ember, glowing coal’ | ||
| *koRaŋ | ‘dried up, scorched, shrivelled’ | ||
| *koraŋa | ‘fish, small emperor’ | ||
| *kori | ‘scrape, shave’ | ||
| *korit | ‘scrape, grate (as coconut preparatory to cooking)’ | ||
| *koRo | ‘pubic hair’ | ||
| *koro | ‘2dl. pronoun’ | ||
| *koro | ‘fortified place, village’ | ||
| *koro | ‘mountain, hilltop’ | ||
| *koron | ‘lie, tell a lie’ | ||
| *kororo | ‘honeybee’ | ||
| *koRot | ‘cut off’ | ||
| *korot | ‘notch, carve’ | ||
| *kosa | ‘kind of parrotfish’ | ||
| *koso | ‘cough’ | ||
| *koti | ‘cut, cut off’ | ||
| *kotik | ‘spotted’ | ||
| *koto | ‘obsidian spear point (?)’ | ||
| *kotos | ‘snap, break off (as a twig)’ | ||
| *kua | ‘how?, How is it?, What is the matter?’ | ||
| *kua kua | ‘kind of bird: pheasant-dove?’ | ||
| *kuak | ‘deep cry, bird with deep cry’ | ||
| *kubuŋ | ‘maimed, amputated (of a limb)’ | ||
| *kubut | ‘maimed, amputated (of a limb)’ | ||
| *kuca | ‘how?’ | ||
| *kude | ‘hourglass drum’ | ||
| *kudem | ‘darkened by clouds, overcast’ | ||
| *kuden | ‘clay cooking pot’ | ||
| *kuk | ‘sound of sob, croak, etc.’ | ||
| *kuka | ‘crab (generic)’ | ||
| *kukuh | ‘claw, talon, fingernail’ | ||
| *kukup | ‘clutch, hold tightly’ | ||
| *kukup-i | ‘cover something’ | ||
| *kukuq | ‘stick to, adhere firmly’ | ||
| *kukur | ‘mussel sp. or spp. used as food grater or scraper’ | ||
| *kukut | ‘hang, suspend’ | ||
| *kulabo | ‘fish’; ‘Lethrinidae spp.’ | ||
| *kuli-kulit | ‘skin disease’ | ||
| *kuliliŋ | ‘round about, around, in one’s surroundings, go around’ | ||
| *kulit | ‘skin, bark, peel, shell’ | ||
| *kulu | ‘coconut growth stage 9: ripe, flesh hardened’ | ||
| *kuluR | ‘breadfruit’ | ||
| *kulut | ‘curly-haired’ | ||
| *kumaŋ | ‘hermit crab’ | ||
| *kumi | ‘moustache’ | ||
| *kumis | ‘moustache, beard’ | ||
| *kumuR | ‘gargle, rinse the mouth’ | ||
| *kumʷi | ‘beard’ | ||
| *kuŋ | ‘sound of cooing or barking’ | ||
| *kuŋkuŋ | ‘shrink’ | ||
| *kunji | ‘rub’ | ||
| *kunkun | ‘shrink’ | ||
| *kunu | ‘it is said, people say.....’ | ||
| *kunu | ‘jealous’ | ||
| *kunut | ‘pinch’ | ||
| *kupuk | ‘emit smoke or steam’ | ||
| *kupuR | ‘pigeon or dove sp.’ | ||
| *kupwena | ‘kind of long rectangular fishing net’ | ||
| *kuRapu | ‘fish, sea perch, giant rock cod, giant grouper’; ‘Epinephelus spp.’ | ||
| *kurat | ‘dye produced from the Morinda citrifolia’ | ||
| *kuriap | ‘dolphin’ | ||
| *kuRita | ‘octopus’ | ||
| *kuRo | ‘marine fish sp.’ | ||
| *kurom | ‘overcast, darkened (as the sun)’ | ||
| *kurukuru | ‘kind of dove or pigeon’ | ||
| *kuRun | ‘sword grass’; ‘Imperata cylindrica’ | ||
| *kuruq | ‘noise, clamor’ | ||
| *kururu | ‘owl sp.’ | ||
| *kururu | ‘thunder’ | ||
| *kurut | ‘curly-haired’ | ||
| *kusu | ‘spit’ | ||
| *kusupe | ‘rat’ | ||
| *kuta | ‘staple food (?)’ | ||
| *kutu | ‘break, cut off, sever’ | ||
| *kutu | ‘head louse, sparks from a fire, water striker (insect that walks on water)’ | ||
| *kwarara | ‘shark sp.’ | ||
| *lababa | ‘flat-topped coral head’ | ||
| *lagas | ‘quick, energetic, strong’ | ||
| *lajam | ‘familiar with, accustomed to’ | ||
| *laje | ‘branching coral, coral limestone’ | ||
| *laji | ‘dolphinfish’ | ||
| *laji | ‘tree with poisonous sap’; ‘probably Antiaris toxicaria’ | ||
| *laka | ‘basket’ | ||
| *laka | ‘up, above’ | ||
| *lakar-lakar | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *lakas | ‘stride, take a step’ | ||
| *lake | ‘sore, dermal irritation, wound’ | ||
| *lako | ‘go’ | ||
| *lako lako | ‘walking around’ | ||
| *lalak | ‘trochus shell’ | ||
| *la-latoŋ | ‘stinging nettle’; ‘Laportea spp.’ | ||
| *lali | ‘ankle bone (?)’ | ||
| *la-lima | ‘five (in counting people)’ | ||
| *laliŋ | ‘ankle bone (?)’ | ||
| *lama | ‘lie on a surface (of water)’ | ||
| *lama | ‘type of coconut’ | ||
| *laman | ‘deep, of the sea, deep sea beyond the reef’ | ||
| *la(m)bak | ‘slam something down’ | ||
| *lambeg | ‘throw, cast’ | ||
| *lambuk | ‘knock, pound, beat’ | ||
| *lamu | ‘body hair, feather’ | ||
| *lamuk | ‘mosquito’ | ||
| *lamuR | ‘dew’ | ||
| *laŋi | ‘beach’ | ||
| *laŋi | ‘up, above’ | ||
| *laŋit | ‘sky’ | ||
| *laŋkaq | ‘step, stride, omit or skip over’ | ||
| *la(ŋ)kas | ‘spirited, energetic’ | ||
| *la(ŋ)ket | ‘stick, adhere to, sticky, viscous’ | ||
| *laŋo | ‘housefly’ | ||
| *laŋon | ‘rollers for beaching a canoe’ | ||
| *lapa | ‘big, large’ | ||
| *lapa | ‘fish sp.’ | ||
| *lapa | ‘skin disease: ringworm’ | ||
| *LapaR | ‘flash of lightning’ | ||
| *lapar | ‘broad and flat’ | ||
| *lapat | ‘big, great, large’ | ||
| *lapuk | ‘decayed, rotten, moldy, mildewed (of wood)’ | ||
| *laqia | ‘ginger’ | ||
| *lasa | ‘coconut shell drinking cup’ | ||
| *lasa | ‘tame, accustomed, used to’ | ||
| *lasoR | ‘testicles’ | ||
| *lasuq | ‘penis’ | ||
| *latoŋ | ‘stinging nettle’; ‘Laportea spp.’ | ||
| *lau | ‘fish, banded sweetlips’; ‘Plectorhinchus spp.’ | ||
| *laur | ‘downriver, toward the sea’ | ||
| *lawa | ‘wide’ | ||
| *lawan | ‘kind of long fishnet’ | ||
| *lawaq | ‘dip net, scoop net’ | ||
| *lawaq | ‘spider, spiderweb’ | ||
| *lawaq-lawaq | ‘spider, spiderweb’ | ||
| *lawi | ‘long tail feathers of bird or rooster’ | ||
| *layaR | ‘sail’ | ||
| *lecit | ‘squeeze out, squirt out’ | ||
| *leku | ‘bend, fold, folding part of the body, curl up on the ground (of an animal’ | ||
| *le(ŋ)kaq | ‘split open’ | ||
| *lepak | ‘break, crack off’ | ||
| *leput | ‘blow out, force out’ | ||
| *leqo | ‘voice’ | ||
| *lian | ‘change appearance’ | ||
| *liaŋ | ‘cave, cavern’ | ||
| *lidruR | ‘earthquake’ | ||
| *liki | ‘little, small in size or amount’ | ||
| *liko | ‘commit suicide by hanging’ | ||
| *liko | ‘curve, bend, meander’ | ||
| *likos | ‘wrap firmly around, encircle tightly’ | ||
| *lilim | ‘run amuck’ | ||
| *liliŋ | ‘askew, in a slanting direction’ | ||
| *liliŋ | ‘go in a circle’ | ||
| *li-liu | ‘turn around, change direction’ | ||
| *liliu | ‘turn around, turn over’ | ||
| *liloq | ‘whirlpool’ | ||
| *lima | ‘five’ | ||
| *lima ŋa puluq | ‘fifty’ | ||
| *lima-lima | ‘five by five, in groups of five’ | ||
| *limas | ‘bail out a canoe’ | ||
| *limut | ‘moss, algae’ | ||
| *liŋ | ‘word, speech’ | ||
| *liŋi | ‘pour’ | ||
| *liŋi-liŋi | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *li(n)tik | ‘snap off, snapping or clicking sound’ | ||
| *lio-lio | ‘brown triggerfish’; ‘Pseudobalistes fuscus’ | ||
| *lipon | ‘tooth’ | ||
| *liq(e)pit | ‘press between two flat surfaces’ | ||
| *liqo | ‘voice’ | ||
| *liqoR | ‘neck’ | ||
| *lisa | ‘nit, egg of a louse’ | ||
| *liso | ‘shiny, dazzling’ | ||
| *liu | ‘circle round, circumvent’ | ||
| *liu | ‘surpass, exceed’ | ||
| *liuS | ‘circumambulate, circumvent’ | ||
| *liut | ‘twist (as a limb)’ | ||
| *loan | ‘endure, last a long time’ | ||
| *lobi | ‘fold’ | ||
| *loguŋ | ‘bend’ | ||
| *loki | ‘bend, crooked’ | ||
| *lokuq | ‘bending part’ | ||
| *lolop | ‘overflow, inundated’ | ||
| *lolos | ‘wringing, squeezing’ | ||
| *lolos-i | trans.‘wring, squeeze out’ | ||
| *lom | ‘in, on, at’ | ||
| *loma | ‘flood, of sea’ | ||
| *lomiq | ‘press, knead’ | ||
| *lomos | ‘submerge, go under water’ | ||
| *lopoŋ | ‘bury’ | ||
| *lopu | ‘fish with poisonous dorsal spines’ | ||
| *loRo | ‘large red tree ant’ | ||
| *loso-loso | ‘bathe, swim’ | ||
| *loto | ‘boil, abscess’ | ||
| *loto | ‘inner self, feelings, mind’ | ||
| *luab | ‘swell up (as boiling rice), boil over’ | ||
| *lua-ki | ‘spit something out, vomit something’ | ||
| *luaŋ | ‘hole in the ground’ | ||
| *luaq | ‘spit out (food, substances alien to the body), spew’ | ||
| *lujan | ‘cargo, load a canoe’ | ||
| *lukun | ‘bend (as an arm or leg)’ | ||
| *luluk | ‘shake something in the water’ | ||
| *lulun | ‘roll up (as a mat)’ | ||
| *lulus | ‘slip off’ | ||
| *luma | ‘forelegs of an animal’ | ||
| *lumbar | ‘set free’ | ||
| *lumiq | ‘fold, hem’ | ||
| *lumu | ‘oil, grease’ | ||
| *lumu | ‘soft, tender, gentle’ | ||
| *lumuk | ‘oily (as the hair or skin)’ | ||
| *lumut | ‘moss, algae, seaweed’ | ||
| *lumut-an | ‘covered with moss’ | ||
| *lumut-lumut | ‘moss’ | ||
| *luŋan | ‘rollers for beaching a canoe’ | ||
| *lu(ŋ)kas | ‘remove, loosen, untie’ | ||
| *lupas | ‘loosen, untie’ | ||
| *lupit | ‘press down, crush’ | ||
| *luqaR | ‘outside, wide open spaces, loose’ | ||
| *luqemit | ‘fold, press’ | ||
| *lusa | ‘shoot at, throw a spear at’ | ||
| *lutur | ‘knee’ | ||
| *m<in>ate | ‘one who has died, dead person’ | ||
| *ma- | ‘stative prefix’ | ||
| *ma-buRuk | ‘rotten (as meat), addled (as eggs), bad (of character)’ | ||
| *mabusuk | ‘rotten, stinking’ | ||
| *ma-dajam | ‘accustomed to, tame’ | ||
| *ma-dalit | ‘smooth, slippery’ | ||
| *madrali | ‘slippery (as wet rocks by the shore)’ | ||
| *madrar | ‘ripe’ | ||
| *maga | ‘stone, slingshot’ | ||
| *ma-heyaq | ‘shy, embarrassed, ashamed’ | ||
| *mai | ‘and’ | ||
| *mai | ‘come, toward the speaker’ | ||
| *maja | ‘dry up, evaporate’ | ||
| *ma-kaen | ‘will eat (?)’ | ||
| *makaka | ‘pry open slightly’ | ||
| *ma-kiluq | ‘bent, crooked, twisted’ | ||
| *malai | ‘withered, faded’ | ||
| *malala | ‘village square, dancing ground’ | ||
| *malaŋ | ‘misfortune, bad luck’ | ||
| *malaqe | ‘public space in village’ | ||
| *malaw | 1.‘paper mulberry tree, used to make bark cloth’ 2.‘men’s loincloth made from this material’ | ||
| *malem | ‘night, darkness’ | ||
| *mali-mali | ‘plant’; ‘Leea spp.’ | ||
| *mali-malip | ‘laughing, smiling’ | ||
| *ma-lino | ‘calm, still (of the surface of water)’ | ||
| *malip | ‘laugh, smile’ | ||
| *malon | ‘core of a breadfruit’ | ||
| *malua | ‘soft, pliable’ | ||
| *ma-lumu | ‘soft, tender, gentle’ | ||
| *maluRu | ‘shade’ | ||
| *maluRu maluRu | ‘shady, shaded, sheltered (?)’ | ||
| *mama | ‘young child’s term for father’ | ||
| *ma-maja | ‘dry up’ | ||
| *mamaq | ‘chew without intending to swallow (as betel nut), premasticate food to give to an infant, premasticated food’ | ||
| *mamata | ‘awake, watchful, alert’ | ||
| *ma-mate | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-mawap | ‘yawn’ | ||
| *ma-mayaq | ‘shy, embarrassed, ashamed’ | ||
| *m-ami | ‘1pl. excl. genitive, our’ | ||
| *mamin | ‘chew, taste’ | ||
| *mamin | ‘fish: wrasse spp.’ | ||
| *mamis | ‘sweet, fresh (of water)’ | ||
| *mana | ‘conjunction: and’ | ||
| *mana | ‘power in natural phenomena, thunder, storm wind’ | ||
| *ma-nacam | ‘tame, docile’ | ||
| *mana-mana | ‘have spiritual power’ | ||
| *mañawa | ‘breathe, rest, take a ‘breather’’ | ||
| *maŋa | ‘bifurcation, forking or branching’ | ||
| *maŋa | ‘prenominal marker of plurality’ | ||
| *maŋan | ‘eat’ | ||
| *maŋaq | ‘slit, crevice’ | ||
| *maŋa-ua | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *maŋiŋi | ‘sour, spoiled (liquid)’ | ||
| *maŋsit | ‘sour, rancid’ | ||
| *maŋsit | ‘vile smell’ | ||
| *manipi-nipis | ‘very thin’ | ||
| *ma-nipis | ‘thin (of materals)’ | ||
| *manoŋi | ‘fragrant, sweet-smelling’ | ||
| *mantalaq | ‘morning (evening) star: Venus’ | ||
| *manuk | ‘bird, any flying creature’ | ||
| *ma-nuka | ‘wounded’ | ||
| *manuka | ‘sea eagle’ | ||
| *manu-manuk | ‘insect’ | ||
| *mañur mañur | ‘float, adrift’ | ||
| *ma-nuRuq | ‘lucky’ | ||
| *maosak | ‘cooked, ripe’ | ||
| *ma-panas | ‘warm, hot’ | ||
| *ma-panas-panas | ‘warm, hot’ | ||
| *ma-paqit | ‘bitter’ | ||
| *mapat | ‘heavy, weighty, important’ | ||
| *mapine | ‘female, woman’ | ||
| *mapo | ‘heal (as a wound)’ | ||
| *ma-posaq | ‘broken’ | ||
| *mapu | ‘taro variety’ | ||
| *mapu | ‘unpleasant odor’ | ||
| *mapua | ‘tomorrow’ | ||
| *maqañur | ‘floating, adrift’ | ||
| *maqasin | ‘salty, brackish’ | ||
| *ma-qasiq | ‘pity, have mercy on, feel compassion for’ | ||
| *maqati | ‘ebb tide, dry reef’ | ||
| *ma-qetaq | ‘raw, unripe, green (fruit), uncooked’ | ||
| *ma-qeti | ‘low, of the tide’ | ||
| *ma-qetom | ‘black’ |